Breast Cancer Essay Research Paper Diet and free essay sample

Breast Cancer Essay, Research Paper Diet and Breast Cancer Breast malignant neoplastic disease is an inexcusable disease. It attacks a extremely seeable and sensitive organ. An organ that is closely associated with muliebrity and nurturing. When this disease strikes a chest, the hazard is really great that it will strike once more, either in the same chest, or at other sites such as castanetss or lungs. Once the disease has recurred, the lone available interventions are drugs and radiation. An estimated 207,000 adult females will be diagnosed with chest malignant neoplastic disease this twelvemonth ( Lohr 42 ) . By the twelvemonth 2000, it is expected that there will be 1.5 million new instances of chest malignant neoplastic disease in America, and the National Cancer Institute now estimates that 1 out of 8 adult females will develop chest malignant neoplastic disease over her life-time ( Casten 68 ) . These happening have merely added to adult females # 8217 ; s anxiousnesss refering chest malignant neoplastic diseas e. We will write a custom essay sample on Breast Cancer Essay Research Paper Diet and or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unfortunately, most of the known hazard factors for chest malignant neoplastic disease are things adult females can make small or nil about: being female, progressing age, strong household history of chest malignant neoplastic disease, and job generative history. Fortunately, nevertheless, current research is demoing that outside environment and life styles can be cardinal in finding malignant neoplastic disease, excessively. Harmonizing to many experts, diet holds the secret to forestalling this disease that adult females fear most. In the United States, chest malignant neoplastic disease rates are 4 to 7 times higher than in Asia ( 93 ) . But when Asiatic adult females move to the US, their chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard doubles in 10 old ages, and reaches our national rates in several coevalss, says nutritionary epidemiologist Regina Ziegler, Ph.D. , MPH, of the National Cancer Institute ( 176 ) . Why? # 8220 ; Their diets and other lifestyle factors, # 8221 ; Dr. Zi egler says, # 8220 ; They start eating more Calories, fat and meat, and halt eating many fruits, veggies, and grains that they did in Asia. # 8221 ; ( 177 ) . Harmonizing to Dr. Ziegler, genetic sciences and household history may explicate merely a little fraction of chest malignant neoplastic disease. The bulk of instances are due to something in our day-to-day environment-like diet. In this paper I would wish to concentrate on how a high fat diet is suspected to lend greatly to this defacing disease. I will call 2 of the major lending factors in predicating chest malignant neoplastic disease, and will so propose a few ways to cut down one # 8217 ; s opportunities of acquiring chest malignant neoplastic disease. Finally, I will briefly cover some recent research done in this country. For chest malignant neoplastic disease, the two major deterrences for American adult females appear to be fleshiness and diet. Some experts rate the hazard for an corpulent adult female at around tw ice that of a normal adult female, particularly after climacteric. Fleshiness is by and large defined as being 20 per centum or more above desirable organic structure weight ( Byrne 28 ) . Since estrogen is produced in fat cells, corpulent adult females have higher circulating degrees of estrogen. The most supposable perpetrator in the chest malignant neoplastic disease enigma would look to be diet. The possibility that a high-calorie diet, with a peculiarly high ingestion of fat, is connected to breast malignant neoplastic disease and has been supported by the sorts of surveies that I will be discoursing. It has been supported by lab experiments with animate beings and epidemiological surveies that compare big populations of people. A particular communicating from the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1989 said, # 8220 ; Data from carnal experiments and human correlativity surveies strongly back up the dietetic fat-breast malignant neoplastic disease hypothesis. Anima ls fed a higher-fat, higher-calorie diet have a well higher incidence of mammary tumours than animate beings fed a lower-fat and calorie-restricted diet # 8221 ; ( Chan 65 ) . The nexus between a high fat diet and chest malignant neoplastic disease is still controversial, but many international population surveies have found a strong association between high fat ingestion and incidence of chest malignant neoplastic disease. 3 out of 5 surveies comparing chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard and fat consumption have found a modest relationship between the two ( 68 ) . A survey done in 1995 suggested that a high fat diet might impact growing of an bing chest malignant neoplastic disease tumour besides ( Uzzle 29 ) . Countless surveies, including the one conducted at Tufts University School of Medicine and the New England Medical Center in Boston, support this decision. American # 8217 ; s have far higher rates of chest malignant neoplastic disease than adult females do in most o ther states in the universe. Based on available grounds, the differences appear to be caused by the two factors that I have mentioned. By altering diet, adult females can significantly cut down the hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease. Many experts believe that you can cut down your hazard of this disease by every bit much as 50 per centum by following a healthy diet program ( Ryker 69 ) . Here are some cardinal points to retrieve. The first thing that you need to make is cut your Calories intake. Study after survey confirms that the more fleshy the adult female, the higher her hazard is. Harmonizing to a trade name new survey of Asian-American adult females from Dr. Ziegler, adult females who gained 11 lbs within the old 10 old ages had twice the hazard of developing chest malignant neoplastic disease comp ared with the adult females who had now weight alteration ( 76 ) . In the same new survey, losing weight in the old decennary was associated with a 30 per centum lessening in the hazard of developing chest malignant neoplastic disease ( 77 ) . The 2nd thing that you need to make is eat more fruits and veggies. A end of 5 fruits and veggies a twenty-four hours is a good start. Many surveies show that adult females who eat tonss of fruits and veggies are less likely to acquire breast malignant neoplastic disease. In one recent survey, adult females in New York State who ate more than 5 helpings of veggies a twenty-four hours had half of the hazard of developing chest malignant neoplastic disease than those who ate fewer than 5 helpings ( Journal of the National Cancer Institute, March 20, 1996 ) . The same survey showed that eating a broad assortment of green goods had the same consequence. A 3rd manner to greatly cut down your hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease is to eat more fibre. 30 gms or fiber a twenty-four hours is optimum. David Rose, MD, of the American Health Foundation in New York reported that 30 gms of fibre a twenty-four hours dropped adult females # 8217 ; s estrogen degrees by 20 per centum, theref ore cut downing the hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease. Finally, maintaining fat consumption to about 20 per centum of your entire Calorie ingestion will cut down your hazard of developing chest malignant neoplastic disease. There is new research that is describing lower rates of chest malignant neoplastic disease in states around the universe where fat ingestion is lower. Even with the same state, take Japan for illustration, chest malignant neoplastic disease hazard rises as adult females consume a larger majority of Calories from fat. In one experiment that was conducted, Dr. Sherwood Gorbach and Dr. David Zimmerman were researching the differences in estrogen degrees between adult females who consumed a rich, typically American diet, and others that consumed less fat and more fibre. For the survey they chose adult females between the ages of 20 and 30. The topics could non take any drugs or have any unwellnesss that would impact their endocrine degrees. They besides ha d to be really near to their ideal organic structure weight and non be dieting. The purpose was to happen adult females with these features who ate either a typical American diet, or were rigorous vegetarians. The non-vegetarians Ate all major nutrient groups of carnal nutrient. The vegetarians followed a particular diet that excluded meat but allowed milk, eggs, and fish. Ten omnivores and 10s vegetarians were eventually included in the survey. The aggregation of informations took 2 old ages. Analysis by dieticians, life scientists, and assorted specializers took and extra 2 old ages. The most of import find was this: Diet has a major influence on estrogen degrees. Higher degrees of estrogen in the blood stream lead to a greater exposure of chest tissue to these circulation endocrines, which thereby increases the hazard of chest malignant neoplastic disease. Vegetarian adult females excreted more estrogen than did omnivores. These findings were consistent during the 2-year period i n which these adult females were observed. Besides larning about estrogen # 8217 ; s importance in this experiment, they besides learned a batch about the eating wonts of American adult females. A typical American adult female eats about 12 gms of fibre a twenty-four hours, and 40 per centum of Calories consumed are from fat. This survey indicated that diet is a major factor in finding the estrogen degrees in a adult female # 8217 ; s organic structure. Another survey similar to the 1 merely mentioned was done in Hawaii. It showed that a low-fat diet is associated with significantly lower degrees of estrogen in the blood stream besides. Several theories have been developed to explicate how diet influences these differences in the organic structure # 8217 ; s disposal of estrogen. One theory focuses on the high sum of fibre consumed by vegetarians and Asiatic adult females. Another possibility is that some belongingss of a vegetarian diet ( likely the low fat content ) , slows dow n the metabolic activity of the enteric bacterium. These bacteriums act on estrogen in the little bowel to fix it for resorption into the blood stream. Without this bacterial activity, the estrogen merely is excreted into the stool. Around this point in the survey, things got really complex and scientific. I gleaned that the chief determination of this survey was that there is strong scientific grounds proposing that the most protective measure adult females can now take to forestall chest malignant neoplastic disease is to eat less fat and more fibre. Study after survey showed that a low-fat and high-fiber diet lowers the degrees of estrogen in the blood stream, and a adult female can interrupt the deathly concatenation of events associating estrogen to breast malignant neoplastic disease by changing her form of eating. In decision, I would wish to state that researching for this paper truly opened my eyes to how our environing environment affects us. Article after article talked a bout all of the things you could make to cut down the hazard of breast cancer-A low-fat diet being the major 1. My aunt died of this atrocious disease, and I merely wish that she had known all of the information in this paper back so. I am thankful that surveies are being done on this adult females # 8217 ; s wellness issue, because so much more that we can larn.

Motivation in the XXI Century New Solutions to the Old Concerns

Motivation in the XXI Century New Solutions to the Old Concerns Introduction: The Many Faces of Motivation The issue of workforce motivation has never been easy; despite the fact that a company might offer its staff an otherwise perfect working environment, the absence of any kind of motivation is most likely to lead to drastic effects.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Motivation in the XXI Century: New Solutions to the Old Concerns specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Over centuries, the concept of motivation has been changing, with new theories emerging on a regular basis. In his book, Pink consolidates the efforts of his predecessors and introduces his interpretation of what the mechanisms of motivation are, therefore, creating premises for a reinvention of the modern business world as people know it. Theories of Motivation as Pink Sees Them It is quite remarkable that the entire third chapter of Pink’s book is devoted to the issue of motivation as it was interpreted b y various researchers. Pink offers a very unique observation of the existing motivational theories. It is interesting that he does not go over an entire list, nor does he choose the most conventional ones. Instead, Pink offers the readers an opportunity to follow his train of thoughts and come to the realization of the Type I and Type X theory as the only possible option. Therefore, the author provides a unique choice of motivational theories overview, mixing them with his own idea of motivation in the workplace. Self-determination theory It is peculiar that the self-determination theory has so much in common with Pink’s own theory. Once pink introduces its main concepts, the reader is able to see that the self-determination theory is going to become one of the pillars that Pink’s Type X and Type I theory is going to be based on. Beginning â€Å"with a notion of universal human needs† (Pink 70), the given theory appeals to people’s need for personal growt h and the recognition of their work. Thus, it can be assumed that the Motivation 2.0 theory was partially spawned by the concept of self determination suggested by Deci and Ryan. Theory X: McGregor Another step in understanding the way in which the Motivation 2.0 theory was developed, the concept suggested by McGregor allows to take a closer look at the specifics of human mind. Stressing the fact that two basic people’s needs are their recognition as individuals and the necessity to blend in with the crowd, McGregor suggested a Theory X, which considers the need to integrate into society as the basis for workplace motivation.Advertising Looking for book review on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Theory Y: McGregor Another element of McGregor’s concept of motivation, the Theory Y allows to consider the phenomenon in question from a perspective of individual needs. As Pink explains, th e trail of thoughts starting at Theory X and continuing with Theory Y leads to the Motivation 2.0. Friedman’s theory A researcher whom, paradoxically enough, hardly anyone has ever heard of, as Pink explains (Pink 72), Friedman suggested another brilliant interpretation of where employees’ motivation comes from and what it is supported by. Contrary to the theory of self-determination, the given theory presupposes that people are mostly predisposed to behave in a particular way; in other words, people are born either as Type A, i.e., active and enthusiastic, or as a Type B, non-resourceful and procrastinating. However, Pink notes that Friedman offers a ray of hope by claiming that Type B can be converted into Type A, and vice versa. Type I and type X: Pink’s concept Pink’s brainchild, the given theory can be viewed as a combination of the concepts of motivation listed above, with an addition of such an important variable as stability into the structure of a perfect motivational strategy. In Pink’s own words, the very essence of the theory of Type I and Type X can be put in the following way: â€Å"If you offer people steadily employment and carefully calibrated rewards, they’ll do what executives and shareholders want, and everyone will prosper† (Pink 67). To be more exact, Pink makes it clear that the impeccable method of motivation lies between the Type X, or external, motivational factors, and Type I, or intrinsic, ones. By balancing between the two and offering the employees both financial and moral rewards, managers will most likely benefit. In fact, Pink points out that his Motivation 2.0 theory, as he also calls it, has much in common with the self-determination theory in that it allows for improving the employees’ performance through their realization of self.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Motivation in the XXI Century: New Solutions to the Old Concerns specificall y for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Book Summary and Analysis As it has been stressed above, Pink provides a detailed overview of the most efficient and impressive motivation theories that have been suggested so far, giving credit to where it belongs and mentioning the motivation theories that, quite honestly, should be more popular in the present-day business world. However, apart from an overview of motivational theories, Pink also offers his own theory of Type I and Type X. In addition, the book touches upon the autonomy based behavior and, stressing its significance, suggests the methods to encourage the given behavioral pattern in people. Finally, Pink comments on the necessity to introduce autonomy to employees and outlines the key features of an employee who is guided by the principles of an autonomic behavior. A Job in Community Service and Motivation Issues Although food industry is not traditionally associated with career development, my experie nce of a Head Hostess has shown me that motivational factors may vary to certain degree. To be more exact, I must admit that in my job, I used to be motivated by the appraisal of the managers and the recognition of my efforts with the financial issues for the first time. The given phenomenon can be explained by the fact that I was assigned a number of responsibilities that demanded constant communication with clients and employees; as a result, I was very dependent on the way in which people perceive me and my attempts to provide a high-quality professional performance. Therefore, at first, I was clearly guided by the principles of a self-determination theory. However, as time passed, the need to be recognized as a hard-working employee took a back seat, while obtaining a financial reward became the top priority. Finally, as I set my priorities straight and started dealing with organizational issues, I resorted to using the Motivation 2.0 theory thus, combining the ideas of financia l reward and job satisfaction as the key components of my motivation. It is quite peculiar that, in my experience, when only starting building a career, one is most likely to be motivated primarily by the financial rewards and concerned with the need to fulfill one’s duties as fast and efficiently as possible. However, as soon as one starts feeling more comfortable with the job, theAdvertising Looking for book review on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion: There Is Yet Much to Explore Even though Pink clearly makes an impressive effort by incorporating the information and ideas concerning motivation that have been discovered previously and distills his own nonetheless impressive idea of how employees are motivated in the business world, it is obvious that Pink’s theory needs further improvement. Pink, Daniel P. Drive: The Surprising Truth about What Motivates Us. New York, NY: Penguin Group US. 2012. Print.

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 13

Globalization - Essay Example The rest of the paper will discuss the impacts of globalization on democracy as well as its cons and pros. Democracy is very fundamental in everyday governance because it permits for citizen’s participation in governance. Many nations under monarchies have little space for the participation of their citizens and those who oppose are assassinated (Dalpino 4). Some are also imprisoned for life, making it difficult for citizens to question the government. For instance, African nations such as Egypt, Tunisia, and Libya were under the dictatorship of their leaders and had a very little space of contravening the government’s decision. This happened because the nation was not democratic enough to allow for citizen participation. However, some of these nations managed to score high in terms of economic developments even under authoritarian leadership. This is an indication that democracy plays a fundamental role for inclusive governance. The rebellion witnessed in these nations, evidence that the citizens wanted space for expression, and they were pressed to the wall. Many studies indicate that democracy is the best government because it makes the majority carry the day while the minority is having their say (Bartelson 8). For instance, it guarantees an election where the people participate in selecting their representatives and those they have confident as opposed to people assuming the office such as presidency. Through the electoral process, the majority will have their way and the minorities who do not also win will have their say. Democratic governance is inclusive and considers the interests of all at different levels (Scholte 27). Many democratic governments such as the US are assumed to function well by protecting the right of human beings, as well as the minority. This is so because they follow the rule of law that defines them as opposed to monarchies and dictatorial governments (Dalpino 7). Autocratic governments such as Swazi and